Italy has recently announced significant changes to its citizenship laws, which could impact many Brazilians seeking to obtain an Italian passport. The new rules aim to curb the surge in applications from around the world, particularly from South America, where millions of Italians emigrated in the past.
Background: The Old Law
Under the previous system, anyone with an Italian ancestor alive after March 17, 1861, could apply for citizenship. This led to a substantial increase in applications, especially from countries like Brazil and Argentina, where large Italian communities reside. In Brazil alone, there are estimated to be over 30 million people of Italian descent.
The New Rules
The Italian government has now limited citizenship by descent to those with a parent or grandparent born in Italy. This change is designed to prevent “passport shopping,” where individuals apply for citizenship primarily for the benefits it offers, such as visa-free travel to over 190 countries.
Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani emphasized that being an Italian citizen is a serious matter and not a means to gain travel privileges. The new rules will be processed centrally in Rome to streamline the application process and reduce the burden on local municipalities.
Impact on Brazilians
Brazilians have been among the largest groups applying for Italian citizenship. The new rules could significantly affect those who do not have a parent or grandparent born in Italy. Previously, there were no limits on the number of generations that could apply, but this has now been restricted.
Future Changes and Considerations
In addition to the current changes, there are proposals to further tighten requirements. These may include needing intermediate Italian language skills and a year of residency in Italy for applicants beyond the second generation. While these changes are still in discussion, they could further limit eligibility for Brazilians.
Advice for Brazilians
Given the potential for more stringent requirements in the future, Brazilians interested in obtaining Italian citizenship should consider starting the application process as soon as possible. It is crucial to gather all necessary documents, including birth, marriage, and death certificates for Italian ancestors, which must be translated and certified.
Alternative European Citizenship Options for Brazilians
For Brazilians looking to obtain European citizenship, there are several other accessible options. Portugal offers a streamlined path through its residency program, which now requires only five years of legal residence to apply for citizenship. Additionally, Spain allows citizens of Ibero-American countries, including Brazil, to apply for citizenship after just two years of residency. Malta provides citizenship by investment, which can be a viable option for those willing to make a significant economic contribution. Lastly, Cyprus offers citizenship by descent for those with Cypriot heritage, though it requires meeting specific residency and language requirements. These countries provide alternative routes for Brazilians seeking European citizenship.
Conclusion
Italy’s decision to tighten its citizenship laws reflects a broader effort to redefine what it means to be Italian. For Brazilians, this means a more selective process that prioritizes direct family ties. While the changes may present challenges, they also underscore the importance of maintaining strong cultural and familial connections for those seeking Italian citizenship.
